Step 1: Initial Editorial Screening

After manuscript submission, editorial staff conduct preliminary screening. Editors will check basic compliance: manuscript format, scope matching, plagiarism status, completeness of required documents. Manuscripts that fail initial screening will be rejected without external peer review. The editorial office will send a notification explaining the reasons for desk rejection.

Step 2: Reviewer Invitation

Qualified manuscripts proceed to peer review. The editor selects at least two independent reviewers with relevant disciplinary expertise. Reviewers will receive an anonymous manuscript copy without author information. Reviewers may accept or decline the review invitation freely. If reviewers decline, editors will invite alternative experts.

Step3: Peer Review Evaluation

Reviewers assess the originality, scientific validity, methodology, writing quality, research significance, and limitations of the work. Each reviewer submits detailed written comments and one of the following recommendations:

• Accept in current form
• Revisions required (minor revisions / major revisions)
• Reject

Step4: Editorial Final Decision

The handling editor collects all review reports, comprehensively evaluates all feedback, and makes the final editorial decision independent of reviewer recommendations.

Final decision types:

• Accept: The manuscript is approved for publication. Authors may be required to complete minor polishing.
• Revisions: Authors must revise the manuscript according to reviewer comments and resubmit before the deadline. Revised manuscripts may be sent back to reviewers for second-round evaluation.
• Reject: The work cannot meet the academic standards of the journal. Authors are allowed to submit a new, substantially revised manuscript as a new submission.

Step5: Post-Acceptance Procedures

Once accepted, authors complete all required revisions. The editorial team conducts final technical checks. After confirmation, the manuscript enters the production phase for layout, and will be published in the upcoming issue.

Important Notes

• The journal cannot guarantee fixed review durations. Typical review cycles range from 20–30 working days. Delays may occur during holiday seasons or peak submission periods.
• All review records remain confidential. Reviewer identities will never be disclosed to authors.
• The double-blind system requires authors to remove all identifiable personal and institutional information within the manuscript file during submission. Failure to comply will delay processing.